classic transcript

 

Foreword

 

To stay cheerful when involved in a gloomy and exceedingly responsible business is no inconsiderable art: yet what could be more necessary than cheerfulness?  Nothing succeeds in which high spirits play no part.  Only excess of strength is proof of strength. - A revaluation of all values, this question-mark so black, so huge it casts a shadow over him who sets it up - such a destiny of a task compels one every instant to run out into the sunshine so as to shake off a seriousness grown all too oppressive.  Every expedient for doing so is justified, every 'occasion' a joyful occasion. ['jeder "Fall" ein Glucksfall'.  'Fall' means case, 'Glucksfall' a piece of good luck.  As well as being a play on words there seems to be a reference intended to 'Der Fall Wagner' (The Wagner Case), Nietzsche's witty attack on Wagner completed immediately before 'Twilight' was begun and which was also announced, ironically of course, as a 'relief' from a sterner task.]  Above all, war.  War has always been the grand sagacity of every spirit which has grown too inward and too profound; its curative power lies even in the wounds one receives.  A maxim whose origin I withhold from learned curiosity has long been my motto:

 

                              increscunt animi, virescit volnere virtus. [The spirit grows, strength is restored by wounding.]

 

      Another form of recovery, in certain cases even more suited to me, is to sound out idols.... There are more idols in the world than there are realities: that is my 'evil eye' for the world, that is also my 'evil ear'.... For once to pose questions here with a hammer and perhaps to receive for answer that famous hollow sound which speaks of inflated bowels - what a delight for one who has ears behind his ears - for an old psychologist and pied piper like me, in presence of whom precisely that which would like to stay silent has to become audible ...

      This book too [Like 'The Wagner Case', presumably.] - the title betrays it - is above all a relaxation, a sunspot, an escapade into the idle hours of a psychologist.  Perhaps also a new war?  And are new idols sounded out? ... this little book is a grand declaration of war; and as regards the sounding-out of idols, this time they are not idols of the age but eternal idols which are here touched with the hammer as with a tuning fork - there are no more ancient idols in existence.... Also none more hollow.... That does not prevent their being the most believed in; and they are not, especially in the most eminent case, called idols ...

 

                                                                                                                           FRIEDRICH NIETZSCHE

Turin, 30 September 1888

on the day the first book of the

Revaluation of all Values was completed.